Sentence Formation: Student can write basic sentences using simple structures. (Example: "I am a student." "This is a book.")

Logical Linking of Ideas: Student can connect simple sentences or ideas using basic conjunctions, such as "and", "but", and "or". (Example: "I have a dog and a cat.")

Topic Consistency: Student can stick to a single topic, though the details may be sparse. (Example: Writing a few sentences about their favourite food.)

Coherence: Even though sentences might be simple, there should be an understandable narrative or description present.

Basic Vocabulary Usage: Student uses a limited range of vocabulary but it is usually adequate for very basic needs and expressions.

Grammar Accuracy: The student makes frequent grammatical errors, but the meaning can usually be understood.

Sentence Complexity: Student can write a series of linked sentences using simple and some complex structures. (Example: "I like to read because it helps me learn new words.")

Linking of Ideas: Student can use a variety of basic conjunctions and simple transitional phrases to connect ideas. (Example: "I love dogs, but I also like cats.")

Topic Development: Student can write about various simple topics with more details, while maintaining relevance to the subject.

Coherence: Sentences and ideas flow logically, maintaining a clear and understandable narrative or description.

Expanded Vocabulary Usage: Student uses a greater range of vocabulary appropriate to the topic and level, though some repetition might be present.

Grammar Accuracy: The student makes some grammatical errors, but these do not generally hinder communication.

Sentence and Paragraph Structure: The student can write different types of sentences and can structure paragraphs logically.

Logical Linking of Ideas: The student can link ideas across sentences using a variety of conjunctions and linking words like "because", "however", "firstly", "on the other hand", etc.

Topic Development: The student can develop a topic in a logical manner, providing relevant details and examples.

Coherence: The narrative or argument the student presents is easy to follow and understand. Transitions between ideas and paragraphs are smooth.

Vocabulary Usage: The student uses a good range of vocabulary appropriate to the context and can accurately use idiomatic expressions.

Grammar Accuracy: The student makes some grammatical errors, but they don't impede understanding. The student shows a good grasp of different tenses, sentence structures, and agreement rules.

Sentence Structure: The student can confidently use a variety of complex sentence structures accurately.

Logical Linking of Ideas: The student uses a wide range of linking words and cohesive devices effectively to connect ideas within and across sentences and paragraphs. (Example: "Although", "However", "Furthermore", "As a result", etc.)

Topic Development: The student can develop a topic thoroughly, providing sufficient relevant details, examples, or arguments. The writing maintains focus and does not stray off-topic.

Coherence: The flow of the writing is smooth, with a clear and logical progression of ideas that makes the text easy to follow.

Vocabulary Usage: The student uses a wide range of vocabulary accurately and appropriately, demonstrating a good understanding of word usage and collocations.

Grammar Accuracy: Grammatical errors are rare and do not impede understanding. The student uses a variety of grammatical structures accurately.

Style and Tone: The student shows an understanding of formal and informal registers and can adjust the tone and style of writing as required by the context.

Complex Sentence Structure: The student is able to write complex sentences with advanced grammatical structures, accurately using a variety of clause types and tenses.

Logical and Coherent Linking of Ideas: The student can logically link ideas across sentences and paragraphs using a wide range of linking words, cohesive devices, and synonyms to avoid redundancy.

Thematic Unity: The student can write on a range of topics and maintain thematic unity and coherence throughout, even in complex compositions.

Depth of Argument: The student can build a well-supported argument or narrative, presenting and integrating supporting evidence or examples seamlessly.

Advanced Vocabulary Usage: The student uses a wide range of vocabulary accurately and appropriately, including idiomatic expressions, phrasal verbs, and less common lexical items.

Grammatical Accuracy: The student makes only occasional errors in grammar and punctuation, which do not impede understanding.

Style and Register: The student shows awareness of style and register appropriate to the task, varying their language based on formality, audience, and purpose.

Originality and Creativity: The student demonstrates the ability to use language creatively and express original ideas effectively.

Sophisticated Sentence Structure: The writer can use complex and varied sentence structures with ease, enhancing the readability and interest of the text.

Coherent Linking of Ideas: The writer is able to seamlessly connect complex ideas using a wide range of linking phrases, not just basic conjunctions.

Topic Development: The writer can develop and expand on a topic in a logical, sophisticated manner, adding depth and detail to the text.

Coherence and Cohesion: The text reads smoothly, with ideas clearly linked and paragraphs well organized. The writer effectively uses cohesion devices (such as pronoun referencing, substitution, ellipsis, and conjunctions).

Advanced Vocabulary Usage: The writer uses a wide range of vocabulary, including idiomatic expressions, phrasal verbs, and academic or specialised terms, accurately and appropriately.

Grammar Accuracy: The writer makes very few, if any, grammatical errors. They can use a wide range of grammatical structures correctly and flexibly.

Style and Tone: The writer is adept at adjusting the style and tone of their writing to suit the context, purpose, and audience.

Effectiveness: The writer's message is communicated effectively, convincingly, and engagingly, with a clear purpose and strong command of language nuances.